Rudimentary Horn Pregnancy: Diagnosis and Management

Rudimentary Horn Pregnancy (RHP) is a rare form of pregnancy in a uterine rudimentary horn with a reported incidence of 1:76,000 and an estimated maternal mortality rate of 0.5%. Around 40% of women with RHP are asymptomatic when present during routine ultrasound scan especially in the first trimester and many women often have a history of previous normal pregnancies and vaginal delivery. Despite the frequent use of ultrasonography during pregnancy, up to 50% of RHP cases are diagnosed only following rupture. Advanced RHP may rupture with little warning at any time, with significant risk to maternal health; hence early diagnosis can help in planning management before its rupture. This review describe the Müllerian duct anomaly resulting in the formation of a rudimentary horn, the available methods for early diagnosis of RHP and the possible differential diagnosis of this rare type of pregnancy and the different treatment options available including modern laparoscopic treatment